Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
تبين: 20 | 50 | 100
النتائج 1 - 20 de 54
المحددات
1.
Arq. ciências saúde UNIPAR ; 27(2): 843-873, Maio-Ago. 2023.
مقالة ي البرتغالية | LILACS | ID: biblio-1425128

الملخص

Objetivo: Analisar na literatura científica a efetividade das intervenções não farmacológicas para o manejo da obesidade infantil. Método: Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática do tipo overview. As bases científicas para coleta de dados foram: Cinahl, Cochrane, Lilacs, Medline, Scopus, Scielo e Science direct, e todo o processo de seleção foi feito por pares e avaliado pelo teste Kappa. A análise dos estudos utilizou os instrumentos: AMSTAR para avaliação da qualidade metodológica, Robis 2.0 para avaliação do risco de viés, e o Sistema Grade para classificar nível de evidência. Resultado: 17 estudos foram considerados elegíveis, e avaliação das evidências demonstrou que as intervenções não farmacológicas são efetivas para o manejo da obesidade infantil, sendo classificadas pelo Sistema Grade com alto e moderado nível de evidência. Essas intervenções são caracterizadas como: comportamentais, educacional, familiar, nutricional e tecnológica e são capazes de promover mudanças no Índice de Massa Corporal e estilo de vida. Conclusão: As intervenções não farmacológicas são capazes de promover mudanças positivas quanto ao comportamento alimentar e manejo da obesidade, entretanto os resultados não são imediatos.


Objective: To analyze the effectiveness of non-pharmacological interventions for the management of childhood obesity in the scientific literature. Method: This is a systematic review of the overview type. The scientific databases for data collection were: Cinahl, Cochrane, Lilacs, Medline, Scopus, Scielo and Science direct, and the entire selection process was done by pairs and evaluated by Kappa test. The analysis of the studies used the instruments: AMSTAR to assess methodological quality, Robis 2.0 to assess risk of bias, and the Grade System to rank level of evidence. Results: 17 studies were considered eligible, and evaluation of the evidence showed that non- pharmacological interventions are effective for the management of childhood obesity, being classified by the Grade System with high and moderate level of evidence. These interventions are characterized as: behavioral, educational, family, nutritional, and technological, and are able to promote changes in Body Mass Index and lifestyle. Conclusion: Non-pharmacological interventions are able to promote positive changes in eating behavior and obesity management, but the results are not immediate.


Objetivo: Analizar la efectividad de las intervenciones no farmacológicas para el manejo de la obesidad infantil en la literatura científica. Método: Se trata de una revisión sistemática de tipo panorámica. Las bases de datos científicas para la recogida de datos fueron: Cinahl, Cochrane, Lilacs, Medline, Scopus, Scielo y Science direct, y todo el proceso de selección se realizó por parejas y se evaluó mediante el test de Kappa. En el análisis de los estudios se utilizaron los instrumentos AMSTAR para evaluar la calidad metodológica, Robis 2.0 para evaluar el riesgo de sesgo y el Grade System para clasificar el nivel de evidencia. Resultados: Se consideraron elegibles 17 estudios, y la evaluación de la evidencia mostró que las intervenciones no farmacológicas son efectivas para el manejo de la obesidad infantil, siendo clasificadas por el Sistema Grade con nivel de evidencia alto y moderado. Estas intervenciones se caracterizan por ser: conductuales, educativas, familiares, nutricionales y tecnológicas, y son capaces de promover cambios en el Índice de Masa Corporal y en el estilo de vida. Conclusiones: Las intervenciones no farmacológicas son capaces de promover cambios positivos en la conducta alimentaria y en el manejo de la obesidad, pero los resultados no son inmediatos.


الموضوعات
Pediatric Obesity , Obesity Management , Systematic Reviews as Topic , Healthcare Models , Effectiveness , Body Mass Index , Child Nutrition Sciences , Feeding Behavior
2.
Rev Enferm UFPI ; 12(1): e4139, 2023-12-12. tab e graf
مقالة ي الانجليزية, البرتغالية | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1523670

الملخص

Objetivo: Construir e validar um protocolo de intervenções nutricionais para o manejo da obesidade infantil no âmbito da Atenção Primária à Saúde. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo metodológico, organizado em três fases: elaboração de uma revisão sistemática do tipo overview, com uso das recomendações PRISMA, construção do protocolo clínico e validação do conteúdo com uso dos instrumentos AGREE II e AGREE-REX. Resultados: Foram incluídos 17 estudos para a construção do protocolo, indicando efetividade em intervenções com desfechos na redução significativa do IMC, mudança no comportamento e hábitos alimentares, aumento no nível de conhecimento sobre alimentação saudável. A avaliação do protocolo clínico obteve uma pontuação >70% e, conforme o parâmetro utilizado (≥50% qualidade alta), foi considerado adequado para implementação no campo da saúde da criança, mais especificamente no manejo da obesidade infantil. Conclusão: Um protocolo assistencial para o manejo da obesidade infantil no âmbito da Atenção Primária à Saúde representa de forma positiva uma estratégia sustentável e flexível com atuação de diversos atores sociais como profissionais da saúde e familiares, dentre outros, contribuindo para a redução de riscos de comorbidades associadas à obesidade e custos de saúde, bem como para promover comportamentos mais saudáveis na população pediátrica. Descritores: Atenção Primária à Saúde; Obesidade Infantil; Manejo da Obesidade; Protocolos Clínicos.


Objective: To create and validate a protocol to implement nutritional interventions for the management of childhood obesity in the Primary Health Care scope.Methods: This is a methodological study organized into three phases: elaboration of a systematic review of the "overview" type using the PRISMA recommendations; preparation of the clinical protocol; and content validation using the AGREE II and AGREE-REX instruments.Results: A total of 17 studies were included to create the protocol, indicating effectiveness in interventions with outcomes in a significant BMI reduction, change in eating behaviors and habits, and increase in the knowledge level about healthy eating. The clinical protocol assessment obtained a score >70% and, according to the parameter used (≥50% high quality), it was considered adequate for implementation in the children's health field, more specifically in the management of childhood obesity.Conclusion: A care protocol for the management of childhood obesity in the Primary Health Care scope positively represents a sustainable and flexible strategy with performance of several social actors such as health professionals and family members, among others, contributing to reducing risks of comorbidities associated with obesity and health costs, as well as to promoting healthier behaviors in the pediatric population. Descriptors: Primary Health Care; Pediatric Obesity; Obesity Management; Clinical Protocols.


الموضوعات
Primary Health Care , Clinical Protocols , Pediatric Obesity , Obesity Management
3.
Medicentro (Villa Clara) ; 27(1)mar. 2023.
مقالة ي الأسبانية | LILACS | ID: biblio-1440520

الملخص

Introducción: La embolización de la arteria gástrica izquierda, es una técnica novedosa, mínimamente invasiva que se investiga como un método alternativo, a menudo complementario, para controlar el apetito y el peso corporal a través de la reducción de la secreción de la hormona grelina. Objetivo: Describir la seguridad y la eficacia de la embolización de la arteria gástrica izquierda, como procedimiento terapéutico para el tratamiento de la obesidad. Método: Se realizó una búsqueda de literatura relevante sobre el tema en el segundo semestre de 2019. Se utilizaron como buscadores de información científica a Pubmed y a Google Académico; se revisaron 54 artículos, de los cuales 36 fueron referenciados. Conclusiones: La seguridad y la eficacia de la embolización de la arteria gástrica izquierda como proceder terapéutico para el tratamiento de la obesidad fue aceptable en la mayoría de los estudios revisados; la escasez de la evidencia (pocos casos) y la falta de protocolos estandarizados para esta intervención, requieren de ensayos clínicos aleatorizados, con una muestra mayor de casos y a más largo plazo.


Introduction: left gastric artery embolization is a novel, minimally invasive technique that is being investigated as an alternative method, often complementary, to control appetite and body weight by means of reducing the secretion of the ghrelin hormone. Objective: to describe the safety and efficacy of left gastric artery embolization as a therapeutic procedure for the treatment of obesity. Methods: a review of the relevant literature on the subject was carried out in the second semester of 2019. Pubmed and Google Scholar were used as scientific information search engines; 54 articles were reviewed, of which 36 were referenced. Conclusions: the safety and efficacy of left gastric artery embolization as a therapeutic procedure for the treatment of obesity was acceptable in most of the reviewed studies; the lack of evidence (few cases) and standardized protocols for this intervention require randomized clinical trials, with a larger sample of cases and over a longer period of time.


الموضوعات
Obesity Management , Gastric Artery , Obesity
4.
Demetra (Rio J.) ; 18: 73761, 2023. ^eilus
مقالة ي الانجليزية, البرتغالية | LILACS | ID: biblio-1532280

الملخص

Introdução:Partindo de toda a complexidade envolvida no enfrentamento da obesidade, o objetivo deste estudo foi analisar as trajetórias assistenciais de usuários com obesidade pela Rede de Atenção à Saúde do município de Porto Alegre-RS. Objetivo: analisar as trajetórias assistenciais de usuários com obesidade pela Rede de Atenção à Saúde do município de Porto Alegre-RS. Métodos:Estudo qualitativo e exploratório, com indivíduos que realizaram cirurgia bariátrica pela rede pública e profissionais de saúde, por meio de entrevista semiestruturada. Resultados: A partir da análise de conteúdo, foi possível traçar as trajetórias, destacando todos os pontos de atenção à saúde e profissionais acessados pelos usuários. Evidenciou-se que o cuidado àpessoa com obesidade se encontra fragilizado, ocorrendo em sua maioria em serviços especializados. A cirurgia bariátrica apareceu como uma opção central para o tratamento da obesidade, mesmo antes de se esgotarem outras tentativas de cuidado. Algumas das dificuldades apontadas foram a quase inexistência de equipe multiprofissional e a escassez de outras formas de cuidados. Como potencialidade,destacaram-se a facilidade de acessoe vínculos construídos na AB. Conclusão: Apesar dos avanços, o sistema de saúde brasileiro, em especial a Atenção Primária, ainda carece de melhorias, devendo ser vista não somente como primeiro local de acesso e encaminhamento, mas como ponto principal da rede, onde o usuário tenha suas necessidades reconhecidas.


Introduction: Starting from all the complexity involved in coping with obesity, the objective of this study was to analyze the care trajectories of users with obesity through the Health Care Network in the city of Porto Alegre.Objectives: to analyze the care trajectories of users with obesity through the Health Care Network in the city of Porto Alegre. Methods: Qualitative and exploratory study, with individuals who underwent bariatric surgery through the public network and with a health professional, through semi-structured interview. Results:From the content analysis it was possible to trace the trajectories, highlighting all the points of health care and professionals accessed by the users. It became evident that obesity care is weakened, mostly occurring in specialized services. Bariatric surgery appeared as a central option for the treatment of obesity, even before other attempts at care were exhausted. Some of the difficulties pointed out were the almost inexistence of a multidisciplinary team and the scarcity of other forms of care. As a potentiality, ease of access, service, and connection stood out. Conclusion:Despite the advances, the Brazilian health system, especially Primary Care, still needs improvement, and should be seen not only as the first place of access and referral, but as the main point of the network, where the user has their needs recognized.


الموضوعات
Humans , Primary Health Care , Unified Health System , Critical Pathways , Obesity Management , Obesity , Brazil , Health Personnel , Bariatric Surgery , Health Services Accessibility
5.
Rev. saúde pública (Online) ; 57: 5, 2023. tab, graf
مقالة ي الانجليزية | LILACS | ID: biblio-1432145

الملخص

ABSTRACT OBJETIVE To map the international literature on Permanent Health Education initiatives to care for people with obesity. METHODS In total, six databases were searched without any language or publication period restriction according to the Joana Briggs Institute manual for evidence synthesis and the Prisma extension for scoping reviews (Prisma-ScR). Articles were independently analyzed by four reviewers and data, by two authors, which were then analyzed and discussed with our research team. RESULTS After screening 8,780 titles/abstracts and 26 full texts, 10studies met our eligibility criteria. We extracted data on methodologies, themes, definitions of obesity, outcomes, and gaps. Most initiatives came from North American countries without free or universal health systems and lasted a short period of time (70%), had multidisciplinary teams (70%), and addressed sub-themes on obesity approaches (90%). Results included changes in participants' understanding, attitude, and procedures (80%) and gaps which pointed to the sustainability of these changes (80%). CONCLUSION This review shows the scarce research in the area and a general design of poorly effective initiatives, with traditional teaching methodologies based on information transmission techniques, the understanding of obesity as a disease and a public health problem, punctual actions, disciplinary fragmentation alien to the daily work centrality, and failure to recognize problems and territory as knowledge triggers and to focus on health care networks, line of care, the integrality of care, and food and body cultures.


الموضوعات
Humans , Patient Care Team , Education, Continuing , Obesity Management , Review
6.
Demetra (Rio J.) ; 18: 65401, 2023. ^etab, ^eilus
مقالة ي الانجليزية, البرتغالية | LILACS | ID: biblio-1531791

الملخص

Introdução: Abordagens comportamentais têm contribuído para a efetividade do tratamento da obesidade. A avaliação do equilíbrio de decisões (ED) para redução de peso, isto é, o equilíbrio entre prós e contras da mudança de comportamento, é estratégica no tratamento, contribuindo para a pactuação de estratégias para o enfrentamento dos desafios. É necessário, porém, utilizar instrumentos válidos para mensurar o ED. Objetivo: Avaliar a qualidade de instrumentos de avaliação do ED para redução do peso corporal visando qualificar o cuidado da pessoa com obesidade no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Métodos: Realizou-se revisão sistemática da literatura sobre o desenvolvimento e a validação de instrumentos em sete bases de dados seguindo a metodologia Cosmin. Variações dos termos psicometria, obesidade e ED foram combinadas com operadores booleanos. Em duplicada e independentemente, duas pesquisadoras realizaram: extração de dados, avaliação da qualidade e síntese de evidências, sendo as divergências solucionadas por consenso. Esta revisão foi registrada na base internacional Prospero (CRD42020197797). Resultados: Identificaram-se cinco estudos, sendo que três realizaram a tradução e adaptação transcultural do mesmo instrumento. Todos os estudos apresentaram ED em duas dimensões (prós e contras), mas usaram métodos duvidosos ou inadequados, e a maioria apresentou evidências científicas de muito baixa qualidade. Conclusões: Os resultados não sustentaram o uso dos instrumentos existentes nem sua tradução e adaptação transcultural, sendo necessário o desenvolvimento de um novo instrumento. Este estudo, ao disponibilizar um instrumento válido para uso no SUS, poderá contribuir para qualificar o cuidado da pessoa com obesidade e deter o crescimento da obesidade no país.


Introduction: Behavioral strategies have been adding to the effectiveness of obesity treatment. And the assessment of the decisional balance (DB) for weight reduction, that is, the balance between expected losses and gains around the behavioral changes, is strategic for managing obesity. The DB assessment may contribute to the agreement on strategies to face the challenges of the treatment. But, there is a need to use a valid instrument to assess the DB. Objective: evaluate the quality of instruments assessing DB for weight reduction to qualify obesity management in the Sistema Único de Saúde ­ SUS (Unified Health System). Methods: A systematic review of studies about instrument development and/or validation was carried out on seven databases using the Cosmin methodology. Terms related to psychometrics, obesity, and DB were combined with Boolean operators to guide the search. Two researchers performed independently and in duplicate: data extraction, quality assessment, and evidence synthesis, and divergences were resolved by consensus. This review was registered in the international database Prospero (CRD42020197797). Results: Five studies were identified. Three of them reported translations and cross-cultural validity of the same instrument. All analyses presented DB in two dimensions (pros and cons, but used doubtful or inadequate methods. Most of the evidence was very low rate. Conclusions:The results did not support the instrument's use, translations, or cross-cultural adaptation. It is necessary to develop a new tool. By providing a valid instrument for use in SUS, this study could contribute to qualifying the care of people with obesity and stopping the growth of obesity in the country.


الموضوعات
Unified Health System , Decision Making , Evaluation of Research Programs and Tools , Overweight , Validation Studies as Topic , Obesity Management , Brazil
7.
Rev. Nutr. (Online) ; 36: e210220, 2023. tab, graf
مقالة ي الانجليزية | LILACS | ID: biblio-1441047

الملخص

ABSTRACT Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the depiction of a fat body for health communication on the Instagram social network by the national societies governing obesity management present elements that enhance weight-related prejudice, with the slim body as a reference. Methods We investigated the last publication quintile, totaling 2,155 publications. A total of 72 images were included and 99 bodies were decoded. The bodies were classified according to positive and negative characteristics into four categories (body presentation, clothing, food and moving behavior) in which the negative characteristics have the potential to enhance the prejudice. The chi-square test was applied to test the difference in the proportion of bias elements associated with body weight between the fat body and the thin body. Results The fat body was more represented (p≤0.05 for all) headless (32.3% vs 9.2%), with bare abdomen (17.6% vs 0%), with a focus on the abdomen (11% vs 0% ), with tight clothes (32.3% vs 0%), sad expression (23.5% vs 6.1%), involved with food of low nutritional value (14.7% vs 0%) and in sedentary behavior ( 11% vs 0%) compared to the thin body. Conclusion National societies that govern management of obesity presented the fat body with more negative elements that enhance the prejudice associated with excess weight, which is an important public health problem.


RESUMO Objetivo O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar se a representação do corpo gordo nas imagens para a comunicação em saúde em perfis de sociedades nacionais diretivas orientadas ao manejo da obesidade na rede social Instagram apresentam elementos que potencializam o preconceito relacionado ao peso, tendo como referência o corpo magro. Métodos Foi analisado o último quintil de postagens, totalizando 2.155 publicações. Setenta e duas imagens foram incluídas e 99 corpos foram decodificados. Os corpos foram classificados em quatro categorias (apresentação do corpo, vestimenta, alimentação e comportamento de movimento) de acordo com características positivas e negativas, sendo que as negativas possuem potencial para reforçar o preconceito. O teste qui-quadrado foi aplicado para testar a diferença na proporção de elementos de preconceito relacionados ao peso entre o corpo gordo e o corpo magro. Resultados O corpo gordo foi mais representado (p≤0,05 para tudo) sem cabeça (32,3% vs 9,2%), com abdomen nu (17,6% vs 0%), com foco no abdomen (11% vs 0%), com roupa apertada (32,3% vs 0%), expressão triste (23,5% vs 6,1%), envolvido com alimento de baixo valor nutricional (14,7% vs 0%) e relacionado a um comportamento sedentário (11% vs 0%) em comparação ao corpo magro. Conclusão Sociedades nacionais diretivas ao manejo da obesidade apresentaram o corpo gordo com mais elementos negativos que reforçam o preconceito relacionado ao peso, sendo importante problema de saúde pública.


الموضوعات
Humans , Health Communication , Social Networking , Weight Prejudice/psychology , Obesity Management/methods , Obesity/psychology
9.
Poblac. salud mesoam ; 19(2)jun. 2022.
مقالة ي الأسبانية | LILACS, SaludCR, SES-SP | ID: biblio-1386963

الملخص

Resumen Introducción: el alarmante incremento de la obesidad en todo el mundo y en Costa Rica responde principalmente a modificaciones en la composición de la dieta habitual de las personas. La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo implementar un protocolo de alimentación formulado a partir de alimentos altamente procesados y de alta palatabilidad (APAP) consumidos por la población costarricense para, luego, evaluar sus efectos en la conducta alimentaria y en parámetros biométricos y bioquímicos. Metodología: ratas adultas macho Wistar se asignaron a dos grupos. Al primero se le administró alimento estándar para roedores (grupo DC) y al segundo, alimentos APAP (grupo APAP), durante ocho semanas. Resultados: a lo largo de ese periodo, los animales expuestos a los APAP exhibieron mayor ingesta y energía, caracterizadas por un alto consumo de grasas y uno menor de proteínas y fibra; además, mostraron un incremento significativo en los diversos parámetros de obesidad (e. g., peso corporal y ganancia de peso, índice de Lee y adiposidad central) y niveles descriptivamente superiores de glucosa y triglicéridos en sangre, pero notablemente menores de colesterol total. Conclusiones: los resultados indican que una dieta basada en los alimentos APAP más frecuentes en la población costarricense es capaz de inducir hiperfagia y obesidad. Así, este modelo constituye una herramienta prometedora para ahondar en el estudio de las factores neurobiológicos y metabólicos relacionados con la obesidad por el sobreconsumo de alimentos APAP.


Abstract Introduction. The alarming increase in obesity both worldwide and in Costa Rica is mainly due to changes in the composition of the usual diet of the population. The goal of our research was to implement a feeding protocol formulated from ultra-processed and highly palatable foods (UPHP) consumed by the Costa Rican population and to evaluate the effects of the UPHP diet on eating behavior and biometric and biochemical parameters. Methods: Adult male Wistar rats were assigned to two groups. One group was given standard rodent chow (DC group) while the other group received UPHP foods (UPHP group) for eight weeks. Results: Throughout this period, animals exposed to the UPHP diet exhibited higher food and energy intake characterized by high consumption of fat and lower consumption of protein and fiber. Animals in the UPHP group also showed a significant increase in obesity parameters (e.g., body weight and bodyweight gain, Lees index, and central adiposity). Furthermore, the UPHP group had descriptively higher levels of blood glucose and triglycerides and significantly lower levels of total cholesterol. Conclusions: Our results indicate that a feeding protocol based on the most frequent food choices of the Costa Rican population is capable of inducing hyperphagia and obesity. This model constitutes a promising tool to delve into the study of the neurobiological and metabolic factors related to obesity induced by overconsumption of UPHP foods.


الموضوعات
Animals , Mice , Obesity Management , Body Fat Distribution , Fast Foods/analysis
10.
Poblac. salud mesoam ; 19(2)jun. 2022.
مقالة ي الأسبانية | LILACS, SaludCR | ID: biblio-1386960

الملخص

Resumen Objetivo: determinar el gasto energético y el tiempo dedicado a actividad física en condición de vida libre de escolares costarricenses con sobrepeso u obesidad. Metodología: participaron 31 niños y 13 niñas entre 6 y 9 años (7.6 ± 1.03 años) con sobrepeso u obesidad, estado nutricional que se estableció según el IMC. Las variables del estudio fueron la antropometría, el porcentaje de grasa corporal (%GC), el gasto energético total producto de la actividad física a lo largo del día (GEAF total diario), el gasto energético por actividad física (GEAF) y el tiempo dedicado a la actividad física (TAF), las dos últimas se estimaron según condición sedentaria, ligera, moderada o vigorosa, por medio del acelerómetro Actiheart. Resultados: la talla y el %GC fueron significativamente mayores en las niñas (126.8 ± 5.9 cm, 34.0 ± 6.4 %GC) que en los niños (123.0 ± 5.4 cm, 25.2 ± 6.9 %GC). Los niños registraron un GEAF total diario de 824 ± 228.1 kcal/day, GEAF moderada + vigorosa de 285.6 ± 131.7 kcal/day y un TAF moderada + vigorosa de 147.0 ± 66.6 min, valores superiores (p<0.05) a los de las niñas 395 ± 144.4 kcal/day, 139.6 ± 90.1 kcal/day y 75.6 ± 43.2 min, respectivamente. Conclusiones: los escolares cumplen más de los 60 min/día recomendados de TAF de moderada a vigorosa intensidad, sin embargo, el GEAF de moderada a vigorosa intensidad no alcanza el mínimo de 300 kcal/día para la reducción de peso, lo cual podría ser una de las causas del sobrepeso.


Abstract Objective: To determine the energy expenditure and time spent on physical activities in Costa Rican overweight or obese schoolchildren in free-living conditions. Methodology: Participants were 31 boys and 13 girls aged 6 to 9 years old (7.6 ± 1.03 years) with overweight or obesity; nutritional status was established by BMI. The variables of the study were: anthropometric, body fat percentage (%BF), total energy expenditure product of physical activity performed during the day (EEPA daily total), plus the energy expenditure by physical activity (EEPA), and time spent on physical activity (TPA), both variables in sedentary condition, light, moderate and vigorous intensity estimated by the Actiheart accelerometer. Results: Size and %BF were significantly higher in girls (126.8 ± 5.9 cm, 34.0 ± 6.4% BF) than in boys (123.0 ± 5.4 cm, 25.2 ± 6.9% BF). Boys recorded a daily total EEPA of 824 ± 228.1 kcal / day, moderate + vigorous EEPA 285.6 ± 131.7 kcal / day and a moderate + vigorous TPA 147.0 ± 66.6 min; significantly higher (P <0.05) than girls 395 ± 144.4 kcal / day, 139.6 ± 90.1 kcal / day and 75.6 ± 43.2 min respectively . Conclusions: Schoolchildren perform over 60 min/day moderate to vigorous intensity PA recommended, however; the EEPA moderate to vigorous intensity does not meet the minimum recommendation of 300 kcal / day for weight reduction. This could be one of the causes for overweight schoolchildren.


الموضوعات
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Exercise , Energy Metabolism , Obesity Management , Costa Rica , Accelerometry
11.
San José; Ministerio de Salud; 2022. 74 p. tab.
كتاب ي الأسبانية | LILACS | ID: biblio-1425318

الملخص

Este Plan de Acción es el resultado de un trabajo articulado por el Ministerio de Salud con actores sociales de diferentes sectores, realizado con el fin de aportar al avance en el cumplimiento de la meta nacional planteada en dicha Estrategia: detener el aumento de la tasa de mortalidad por ENT en el país al año 2030. El Plan establece acciones para favorecer la promoción de la salud, la prevención, atención y rehabilitación de las personas con ENT, considerando la complejidad del fenómeno y la necesidad de un abordaje multisectorial.


الموضوعات
Humans , National Health Strategies , Risk Factors , Noncommunicable Diseases/prevention & control , Obesity Management , Costa Rica
12.
Rev. colomb. cir ; 37(2): 259-279, 20220316. fig, tab
مقالة ي الأسبانية | LILACS | ID: biblio-1362965

الملخص

Introducción. La obesidad en la población pediátrica ha ido aumentando de manera progresiva y el manejo médico de la obesidad mórbida en esta población se ha mostrado insuficiente. El objetivo de este artículo fue describir el estado actual de la literatura científica publicada hasta abril 15 de 2021 sobre el impacto de la cirugía bariátrica en la población pediátrica. Métodos. Se realizó una revisión de la literatura que evaluó dos bases de datos, donde se incluyeron revisiones sistemáticas, reportes de casos, series de casos y ensayos clínicos, publicados desde el 1 de enero de 2010 hasta el 15 de abril de 2021, en español, inglés y francés. Resultados. Se incluyeron 56 documentos y 18 estudios clínicos, en los que se encontró que la cirugía bariátrica (bypass gástrico por Y de Roux, gastrectomía en manga, plicatura gástrica y banda gástrica) alcanzó una pérdida de peso significativa en el primer año, con un adecuado sostenimiento de dicha pérdida al quinto año, además de una resolución completa de las comorbilidades metabólicas y cardiovasculares en la mayoría de los pacientes. Conclusión. La cirugía bariátrica se presenta como una alternativa eficaz en el manejo de la obesidad mórbida y sus complicaciones en el paciente pediátrico.


Introduction. Obesity in the pediatric population has been increasing progressively and the medical management of morbid obesity in this population has proven insufficient. The objective of this article was to describe the current state of scientific literature published until April 15, 2021 on the impact of bariatric surgery in the pediatric population. Methods: A literature review was performed searching into two databases, including systematic reviews, case reports, case series and clinical trials from January 1, 2010 to April 15, 2021, in Spanish, English, and French languages. Results: 56 documents and 18 clinical trials were included. It was found that bariatric surgery (Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, sleeve gastrectomy, gastric plication, and gastric band) achieved significant weight loss in the first year, and adequate maintenance of weight loss at the fifth year, in addition to a complete resolution of metabolic and cardiovascular comorbidities in most patients.Conclusion: Bariatric surgery is an effective alternative in the management of morbid obesity and its complications in pediatric patients.


الموضوعات
Humans , Gastric Bypass , Pediatric Obesity , Review , Bariatric Surgery , Obesity Management
13.
Cambios rev. méd ; 20(1): 99-106, 30 junio 2021. tabs.
مقالة ي الأسبانية | LILACS | ID: biblio-1292979

الملخص

En la actualidad, la obesidad es conside-rada una pandemia, cuya incidencia se ha triplicado en los últimos 30 años, y ha ge-nerado problemas de salud pública cada vez mayores. Tomando como base las guías de la Asociación Americana de Endocrinólogos (AACE), la Sociedad para la Obesidad, la Sociedad Americana de Cirugía Bariátrica y Metabólica (ASMBS), la Asociación para Medicina de la Obe-sidad y la Asociación Americana de Anes-tesiólogos, se realiza el presente docu-mento, con el fin de que se constituya en la hoja de ruta que guíe el procedimiento a seguir en los pacientes que padecen de esta enfermedad crónica y que acuden al Hospital General San Francisco (HGSF)1. La obesidad se caracteriza por el uso de varios medicamentos debido a las co-morbilidades relacionadas: enfermedad cardiovascular, diabetes mellitus tipo 2, enfermedad renal crónica, hígado graso no alcohólico, síndrome metabólico y varios tipos de cánceres2. Este protocolo contiene el más alto nivel de evidencia disponible hasta la fecha, en relación al manejo quirúrgico y no quirúrgico del paciente con diagnóstico de obesidad, incluyendo temas como la identificación de los pacientes candidatos para los pro-cedimientos bariátricos, tipo de proce-dimientos que deberían ser ofertados, el manejo preoperatorio, transoperatorio y el cuidado post operatorio de seguimiento2-4.Desde la publicación por parte de la Ame-rican Society for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery (ASMBS) en el año 2013 de las guías de manejo del paciente con obe-sidad, se ha evidenciado un incremento significativo en las publicaciones que avalan excelentes resultados para el tra-tamiento de los pacientes con obesidad y con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 mediante la cirugía bariátrica y metabólica 2,5,6. En el año 2016 la publicación del Diabetes Sur-gery Summit (DSS2)7 marca diferencia en el manejo de los pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2, es así que las mismas han crecido sustancialmente y la evidencia demuestra que el manejo metabólico ba-riátrico de estos pacientes es superior al manejo médico y cambios de estilo de vida cuando se evalúa el control glucémico y remisión de las comorbilidades. Con la evaluación previa del equipo mul-tidisciplinario, tendremos información científica del más alto nivel que nos per-mita tener un paciente con recuperación óptima aplicando los criterios de En-hanced Recovery after Bariatric Surgery (ERASB)8. En el Ecuador, la obesidad se ha conver-tido en un problema de salud pública, es así que en la población pediátrica ha au-mentado desde el año 1986 pasando del 8,0% al 26,0% para el año 2012 en el grupo de 11 a 19 años. La prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad en población adulta en el Ecuador es del 62,8%, según el sexo es 5,5% mayor en las mujeres (65,5%) que en los hombres (60,0%), y el mayor índice de obesidad y sobrepeso se pre-senta entre la cuarta y quinta décadas de vida, con prevalencias superiores a 73,0%9,10.


Currently, obesity is considered a pan-demic, the incidence of which has tripled in the last 30 years, and has generated in-creasing public health problems. Based on the guidelines of the American As-sociation of Endocrinologists (AACE), the Obesity Society, the American So-ciety for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery (ASMBS), the Association for Obesity Medicine and the American Association of Anesthesiologists, this document is intended to serve as a roadmap to guide the procedure to be followed in patients suffering from this chronic disease who come to San Francisco General Hospital (HGSF)1.Obesity is characterized by the use of se-veral medications due to related comor-bidities: cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, meta-bolic syndrome and several types of can-cers2. This protocol contains the highest level of evidence available to date, in relation to the surgical and non-surgical management of the patient with a diag-nosis of obesity, including issues such as the identification of candidate patients for bariatric procedures, type of proce-dures that should be offered, preopera-tive, trans-operative management and fo-llow-up post-operative care2-4.Since the publication by the American So-ciety for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery (ASMBS) in 2013 of the guidelines for the management of patients with obesity, there has been a significant increase in publications that support excellent results for the treatment of patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus through bariatric and metabolic surgery2,5,6. In 2016 the pu-blication of the Diabetes Surgery Summit (DSS2)7 makes a difference in the mana-gement of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, it is so that the same have grown substantially and the evidence shows that bariatric metabolic management of these patients is superior to medical manage-ment and lifestyle changes when glycemic control and remission of comor-bidities are evaluated. With the previous evaluation of the multidisciplinary team, we will have scientific information of the highest level that will allow us to have a patient with optimal recovery applying the criteria of Enhanced Recovery after Bariatric Surgery (ERASB)8.In Ecuador, obesity has become a public health problem; thus, in the pediatric population it has increased since 1986 from 8,0% to 26,0% in 2012 in the 11 to 19 years age group. The prevalence of overweight and obesity in the adult po-pulation in Ecuador is 62,8%, according to sex is 5,5% higher in women (65,5%) than in men (60,0%), and the highest rate of obesity and overweight occurs between the fourth and fifth decades of life, with prevalences higher than 73,0%9,10.


الموضوعات
Humans , Male , Female , Bariatric Surgery , Weight Reduction Programs , Obesity Management , Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases , Obesity , Body Weight , Weight Loss , Feeding and Eating Disorders , Body Mass Index , Diet, Food, and Nutrition , Metabolism
14.
Rev. cuba. med ; 60(2): e1682,
مقالة ي الأسبانية | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1280354

الملخص

Introducción: La ciencia y la tecnología son importantes para el progreso histórico con sus consecuencias inevitables para el desarrollo social. Uno de los componentes de la ciencia y la tecnología que sigue la misma ley y se desarrolla de manera proporcional al desarrollo de la sociedad son las ciencias médicas. Su función es proteger, cuidar, desarrollar y mejorar los recursos y la calidad de la fuerza laboral, y promover el desarrollo social. Por lo tanto, es una condición necesaria que influye directamente en la reproducción humana y garantiza el desarrollo económico y social. Los servicios médicos socialistas son servicios productivos y de bienestar, que mejoran la fuerza física y la inteligencia, además crean condiciones favorables para el desarrollo social y económico e interactúan con la sociedad. Objetivo: Demostrar la influencia de los avances de la ciencia y la tecnología en la salud humana y la atención primaria y describir la importancia de concebir al hombre como un ser biopsicosocial en la atención primaria de salud y la prevención de obesidad. Métodos: Se realiza un estudio de revisión a través de las referencias bibliográficas actualizadas sobre el tema. Desarrollo: China también ha propuesto pautas específicas para la prevención de la obesidad, pero los resultados son pobres. Por un lado, esto está relacionado con la gran tasa de población del país, y por otro, con el lento desarrollo de la atención médica primaria y la falta de concientización sobre la importancia de prevenir el sobrepeso y la obesidad como estrategia de trabajo. Conclusiones: Los profesionales de la salud deben crear estrategias adaptadas a las condiciones locales, de forma tal que perciban una buena atmósfera para controlar el peso. Esto aumentara la conciencia de la sociedad, respecto al problema de la obesidad(AU)


ABSTRACT Introduction: Science and technology are important for historical progress with its inevitable consequences for social development. One of the components of science and technology that follows the same law and advances in proportion to the development of society are the medical sciences. Its function is to protect, to care for, to develop and to improve the resources and quality of the workforce, and to promote social development. Therefore, it is a necessary condition that directly influences human reproduction and guarantees economic and social development. Socialist medical services are productive and welfare services, which improve physical strength and intelligence, also create favorable conditions for social and economic development and interact with society. Objective: To prove the influence of advances in science and technology on human health and primary care and describe the importance of conceiving man as a biopsychosocial being in primary health care and obesity prevention. Methods: A review study is carried out through updated bibliographic references on the subject. Findings: China has also proposed specific guidelines for obesity prevention, but the results are poor. On the one hand, this is related to the high population rate in the country, and on the other, to the slow development of primary medical care and the lack of awareness of the importance of preventing overweight and obesity as a work strategy. Conclusions: Health professionals must create strategies adapted to local conditions, in such a way that they perceive good atmosphere to control weight. This will increase the awareness of society(AU) regarding the obesity problem.


الموضوعات
Humans , Primary Health Care , Obesity Management/methods
15.
ARS med. (Santiago, En línea) ; 46(2): 52-59, jun. 10,2021.
مقالة ي الانجليزية | LILACS | ID: biblio-1353338

الملخص

Introduction: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass is considered the gold standard surgical technique for obesity. The variation in limb length may be related to metabolic improvement and nutritional deficiencies. However, the ideal measurement still a controversial subject in the literature. This study aims to perform an integrative literature review and associate the optimal limb length, considering the maximum weight loss with the minimum nutritional complications. Methods: Integrative literature review conducted using electronic searches (1992 - 2020) in databases MEDLINE/Pubmed and BVS (Biblioteca Virtual da Saúde)/LILACS, through the terms "(bariatric surgery) AND (limb length)".A total of 340 articles were found, 26 articles were included in this review. Results: Current evidence supports using shorter limb lengths in patients with BMI < 50 kg/m2, and longer limbs in patients with severe type 2 diabetes mellitus and/or dyslipidemia or superobese patients (BMI >= 50 kg/m2), considering the benefits in comorbidities resolution. A shorter common limb increases the inci-dence of nutritional disorders. There is a wide variation in jejunoileal length among patients. Conclusion: Measuring the intraoperative jejunoileal length and individualizing the surgery may bring benefits in weight loss, comorbidities resolution, and reduce the incidence of nutritional disorders. However, more randomized controlled trials are needed on this topic.


Introducción: el bypass gástrico en Y de Roux se considera la técnica quirúrgica estándar de oro para la obesidad. La variación en la longitud del asa intestinalpuede estar relacionada con la mejora metabólica y las deficiencias nutricionales, sin embargo, la longitud ideal sigue siendo un tema controvertido en la literatura. El objetivo de este estudio es realizar una revisión integradora de la literatura y asociar la longitud ideal del asa intestinal, considerando la máxima pérdida de peso con las mínimas complicaciones nutricionales. MaterialesyMétodos: revisión bibliográfica integradora realizada mediante búsquedas electrónicas (1992 - 2020) en bases de datos MEDLINE/Pubmed y BVS (Biblioteca Virtual da Saúde) / LILACS, a través de los términos "(bariatric surgery) AND (limb length)". Se encon-traron un total de 340 artículos, 26 artículos fueron incluidos en esta revisión.Resultados: la evidencia actual respalda el uso de asas intestinales más cortas en pacientes con IMC < 50 kg/m2 y asas intestinales más largas en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 grave y/o dislipidemia o pacientes superobesos (IMC > = 50 kg/m2), considerando los beneficios en la resolución de comorbilidades. La asa común más corto aumenta la incidencia de trastornos nutricionales. Existe una amplia variación en la longitud yeyunoileal entre los pacientes. Conclusiones: la medición de la longitud yeyunoileal intraoperatoria y la individualización de la cirugía pueden traer beneficios en la pérdida de peso, la resolución de comorbilidades y reducir la incidencia de trastornos nutricionales. Sin embargo, se necesitan más ensayos controlados aleatorios sobre este tema.


الموضوعات
Anastomosis, Roux-en-Y , Gastric Bypass , Review , Obesity , Obesity, Morbid , MEDLINE , PubMed , Bariatric Surgery , LILACS , Obesity Management , Intestine, Small
16.
J. coloproctol. (Rio J., Impr.) ; 41(1): 58-62, Jan.-Mar. 2021. tab, graf
مقالة ي الانجليزية | LILACS | ID: biblio-1286974

الملخص

Abstract Introduction Obesity is defined as a multifactorial metabolic syndrome in which there is an excessive number of fat cells within the tissues. It is discussed that intestinal microbiota might have a relevant relation with obesity, since it is relevantly altered in obese patients. Objectives To assess the effect of stool transplantation (ST) in the condition of obesity and its outcomes in an experimental model of cafeteria diet by analyzing histology and weight gain. Methods Forty male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to 5 groups: control (CO), control with antibiotics (CO+ATB), obesity (CAF+ATB), stool transplantation (ATB+ ST) and obesity with stool transplantation (CAF+ATB+ST). During the experiment, obesity induction groups received cafeteria diet, whereas the remaining groups had normal diet ad libitum. After 3 months, daily ST was carried out for 8 weeks by gavage procedure. The animals were euthanized, and the small intestine was harvested for further analysis. Results It was observed that before starting the ST, the cafeteria and normal diet groups had significant weight difference (p<0,0001). In the comparison between CAF+ATB and CAF+ATB+ST during the gavage period, the CAF+ATB+ST group presented lower weight gain (p=0.0017). The histopathological evaluation show that the ATB+ST group did not present intestinal crypt distortion. Conclusion Cafeteria diet resulted in an expected weight gain. In relation to the ST, it has been shown that the procedure is effective in reducing weekly weight gain. Apparently, there was no induction of disabsortive syndrome in nonobese animals that received ST.


Resumo Introdução A obesidade é definida como uma síndrome metabólica multifatorial, na qual existe um número excessivo de células de gordura nos tecidos. Discute-se que a microbiota intestinal pode estar relacionada com a obesidade, uma vez que ela é alterada de forma relevante em pacientes obesos. Objetivos Avaliar o efeito do transplante de fezes (TF) na obesidade induzida por um modelo experimental de dieta de cafeteria. Métodos Quarenta ratos Wistar foram distribuídos aleatoriamente em 5 grupos: controle (CO), controle com antibióticos (CO+ATB), obesidade (CAF+ATB), transplante de fezes (ATB+TF) e obesidade com transplante de fezes (CAF+ATB+TF). Durante o experimento, os grupos de indução de obesidade receberam dieta de cafeteria, enquanto os demais grupos tiveram dieta ad libitum normal. Após 3 meses, o TF diário foi realizado por 8 semanas por meio de gavagem intragástrica. Os animais foram sacrificados e o intestino delgado foi colhido para análise posterior. Resultados Observou-se que antes de iniciar o TF, os grupos de dieta de cafeteria e dieta normocalórica apresentavam diferença significativa de peso (p<0,0001). Ao comparar os grupos CAF+ATB e CAF+ATB+TF durante o período de gavagem, o grupo CAF+ATB+TF apresentou menor ganho de peso (p=0,0017). A avaliação histopatológica mostra que nenhum dos animais do grupo TF+ATB apresentou distorções nas criptas intestinais. Conclusão A dieta da cafeteria resultou em um ganho de peso esperado. Em relação ao TF, demonstrou-se que o procedimento é eficaz na redução do ganho de peso semanal. Aparentemente, não houve indução da síndrome disabsortiva em animais não obesos que receberam TF.


الموضوعات
Animals , Rats , Body Weight/physiology , Fecal Microbiota Transplantation/statistics & numerical data , Obesity Management/methods , Obesity/therapy
20.
Lima; IETSI; dic. 1, 2020. 84 p. tab, ilus.
غير التقليدية ي الأسبانية | BIGG, LILACS | ID: biblio-1363279

الملخص

Según la Organización Mundial de la Salud, la obesidad se define como una acumulación excesiva de grasa corporal (1), que tiene una estrecha relación con la aparición o complicación de enfermedades crónicas como la diabetes, enfermedades cardiovasculares, y el cáncer (2). En la actualidad, la obesidad es considerada como una pandemia a nivel mundial (3) que afecta a más de 650 millones de adultos, con una prevalencia de 13% para el 2016, y una tendencia al alza (2). En países con altas prevalencias de obesidad, como México, se ha estimado un costo de la obesidad equivalente al 0.5% del producto bruto interno, que constituye el 9% del gasto en salud, y un costo por mortalidad prematura asociada a obesidad de 1390 millones de dólares (3). Frente a esto se han priorizado las estrategias de prevención y manejo de la obesidad. Sin embargo, en ciertas personas con obesidad, los cambios en los estilos de vida y el tratamiento farmacológico no es suficiente para el manejo de esta condición, sobre todo en aquellos que presentan un estadio severo (4). Por lo cual se han propuesto alternativas de tratamiento para la obesidad como la cirugía bariátrica/metabólica. La cirugía bariátrica corresponde al conjunto de intervenciones quirúrgicas cuyo objetivo es la reducción de peso en pacientes con obesidad severa, mientras que la cirugía metabólica es el término que se aplica cuando el objetivo de la intervención es el control de la comorbilidad adyacente a la obesidad severa (5, 6). El Seguro Social de Salud (EsSalud) priorizó la realización de la presente guía de práctica clínica (GPC) para establecer lineamientos basados en evidencia para el manejo quirúrgico de la obesidad en adultos.


الموضوعات
Humans , Adult , Bariatric Surgery/standards , Obesity Management , Obesity/surgery , Obesity/complications
اختيار الاستشهادات
تفاصيل البحث